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非谓语动词的七种形式及其用法?

非谓语动词包括以下七种形式及其用法:

不定式 (to do)

基本形式:to do(表示主动,并且一般表示将来)

被动式:to be done(表示被动,并且一般表示将来)

进行式:to be doing(表示主动和进行)

完成时:to have done(表示主动和完成)

完成被动式:to have been done(表示被动和完成)

完成进行式:to have been doing(表示主动和完成进行)

动名词 (doing)

基本形式:doing(表示主动)

被动式:being done(表示被动)

完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)

完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)

现在分词 (v-ing)

基本形式:doing(表示主动)

被动式:being done(表示被动)

完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)

完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)

过去分词 (v-ed)

基本形式:done(表示被动)

这些非谓语动词形式在句子中可以充当不同的成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。在选择非谓语动词形式时,需要考虑动作的时间、主被动关系以及句子的结构。

用法示例:

不定式

作主语:To learn English well is important.

作宾语:She decided to call her parents after work.

作表语:His hobby is collecting stamps.

作定语:The take-off was smooth.

作状语:I came to the party just to say hello.

动名词

作主语:Reading books broadens our horizons.

作宾语:She enjoys playing football.

作表语:His favorite pastime is hiking.

作定语:The running water in the river is clean.

作状语:Walking down the street, I bumped into an old friend.

现在分词

作主语:Walking in the park is my favorite hobby.

作宾语:I saw him go out.

作表语:The sky is clear and blue.

作定语:The crying baby is my nephew.

作状语:Looking at the sky, she sighed with relief.

过去分词

作主语:The broken glass cut his hand.

作宾语:I saw him go out.

作表语:The door was locked.

作定语:The painted wall is beautiful.

作状语:Having finished his homework, he went to bed.

通过以上示例,可以看出非谓语动词在句子中的用法非常灵活,可以根据句子的需要选择合适的形式。

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